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Biology Basics
Essential concepts in cell biology, genetics, and life processes
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Card 1
What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Prokaryotic cells have no nucleus (bacteria). Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles (plants, animals, fungi).
Card 2
What is DNA and what does it do?
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) is the molecule that carries genetic information. It contains instructions for building and maintaining organisms.
Card 3
What is photosynthesis?
Process where plants convert light energy, water, and CO2 into glucose (food) and oxygen. Formula: 6CO2 + 6H2O + light → C6H12O6 + 6O2
Card 4
What are the four bases in DNA?
Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Guanine (G), Cytosine (C). A pairs with T, G pairs with C.
Card 5
What is mitosis?
Cell division that produces two identical daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. Used for growth and repair.
Card 6
What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?