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Psychology Concepts
Fundamental concepts in psychology and human behavior
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Card 1
What is classical conditioning?
Learning through association (Pavlov's dogs). A neutral stimulus becomes associated with a meaningful stimulus, triggering a conditioned response.
Card 2
What is operant conditioning?
Learning through consequences (Skinner). Behavior is modified by reinforcement (increases behavior) or punishment (decreases behavior).
Card 3
What is cognitive dissonance?
Mental discomfort from holding contradictory beliefs or values. People are motivated to reduce this discomfort by changing beliefs or behaviors.
Card 4
What is Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?
Pyramid of human needs: Physiological (base), Safety, Love/Belonging, Esteem, Self-actualization (top). Lower needs must be met before higher ones.
Card 5
What is the difference between nature and nurture?
Nature = genetic/biological influences. Nurture = environmental/experiential influences. Both interact to shape behavior and development.
Card 6
What is confirmation bias?
Card 7
What are the Big Five personality traits?